在RedHat发行版中安装APT

某L — Tue, 17 Feb 2009 04:00:33 +0000

background:

高级包装工具（英语：Advanced Packaging Tools,简称：APT）是Debian及其衍生发行版的软件包管理器。APT可以自动下载，配置，安装二进制或者源代码格式的软件包，因此简化了Unix系统上管理软件的过程。APT最早被设计成dpkg的前端，用来处理deb格式的软件包。现在经过APT-RPM组织修改，APT已经可以安装在支援RPM的系统管理RPM套件。

寻找合适的RPM

首先就是要确定发行包的版本：

$ cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)
Kernel r on an m

然后是找到合适的RPM安装包，http://apt-rpm.org/ 提供了源码，可以自己编译。

请根据实际情况选择合适的打包

http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=apt

下载安装

$ wget ftp://fr2.rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/i386/dag/RPMS/apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm
--2009-02-17 11:43:36--  ftp://fr2.rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/i386/dag/RPMS/apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm
           => `apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm'
Resolving fr2.rpmfind.net... 195.220.108.108
Connecting to fr2.rpmfind.net|195.220.108.108|:21... connected.
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
==> SYST ... done.    ==> PWD ... done.
==> TYPE I ... done.  ==> CWD /linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/i386/dag/RPMS ... done.
==> SIZE apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm ... 2886071
==> PASV ... done.    ==> RETR apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm ... done.
Length: 2886071 (2.8M)

22% [=======>                               ] 645,320     96.8K/s  eta 30s

$ rpm -ivh apt-0.5.15lorg3.94a-5.el5.rf.i386.rpm

配置apt sources.list

$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d/os.list /etc/apt/sources.list
$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

根据实际情况编辑，如

repomd http://mirror.centos.org centos/5/os/i386
repomd http://mirror.centos.org centos/5/updates/i386
repomd http://mirror.centos.org centos/5/extras/i386
repomd http://mirror.centos.org centos/5/fasttrack/i386
#repomd http://mrepo rhel5s-i386/RPMS.os
#repomd http://mrepo rhel5s-i386/RPMS.updates
#rpm http://mrepo rhel5s-i386 os updates

导入GPG验证

请根据自己选择的APT库来找到对应的GPG

rpm –import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

否则会出现类似

E : Unknown signature /var/cache/apt/archives/bmp_0.9.7-2.rhfc3.nr_i386.rpm : (SHA1) DSA sha1 md5 Policies Towards Them (Part Ⅰ) NOT OK (MISSING KEYS : GPG#b8693f2c)

使用APT

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install pkgname